xboard(6)                                                            xboard(6)

NAME
       xboard - X graphical user interface for chess

SYNOPSIS
       xboard [options]
       xboard -ics -icshost hostname [options]
       xboard -ncp [options]
       |pxboard
       cmail [options]

DESCRIPTION
       XBoard  is a graphical chessboard that can serve as a user interface to
       chess engines (such as GNU Chess), the Internet  Chess  Servers,  elec-
       tronic  mail  correspondence  chess,  or  your  own collection of saved
       games.

       This manual documents version 4.2.7 of XBoard.

MAJOR MODES
       XBoard always runs in one of four major modes.  You  select  the  major
       mode from the command line when you start up XBoard.

       xboard [options]
              As  an interface to GNU Chess or another chess engine running on
              your machine, XBoard lets you play a game against  the  machine,
              set  up  arbitrary  positions,  force  variations,  watch a game
              between two chess engines,  interactively  analyze  your  stored
              games or set up and analyze arbitrary positions.  (Note: Not all
              chess engines support analysis.)

       xboard -ics -icshost hostname [options]
              As Internet Chess Server (ICS) interface, XBoard lets  you  play
              against  other  ICS  users,  observe  games they are playing, or
              review games that have  recently  finished.   Most  of  the  ICS
              "wild" chess variants are supported, including bughouse.

       xboard -ncp [options]
              XBoard  can  also  be used simply as an electronic chessboard to
              play through games. It will read and write game files and  allow
              you  to  play  through  variations  manually.  You can use it to
              browse games off the net or review games you have saved.   These
              features are also available in the other modes.

       |pxboard
              If  you  want  to pipe games into XBoard, use the supplied shell
              script `pxboard'.  For example, from the news reader `xrn', find
              a  message  with one or more games in it, click the Save button,
              and type `|pxboard' as the file name.

       cmail [options]
              As an interface to electronic mail correspondence chess,  XBoard
              works  with the cmail program. See CMail below for instructions.

MENUS, BUTTONS, AND KEYS
       To move a piece, you can drag it with the left mouse button, or you can
       click  the  left  mouse button once on the piece, then once more on the
       destination square.  To drop a new piece on a square (when applicable),
       press  the  middle or the right mouse button over the square and select
       from the popup menu.  In cases where you can drop  either  a  white  or
       black  piece,  use the middle button (or shift+right) for white and the
       right button (or shift+middle) for black.  When you are playing a  bug-
       house  game  on an Internet Chess Server, a list of the offboard pieces
       that each player has available is shown in the window title  after  the
       player's  name;  in addition, the piece menus show the number of pieces
       available of each type.

       All other XBoard commands are available from the  menu  bar.  The  most
       frequently  used commands also have shortcut keys or on-screen buttons.

       When XBoard is iconized, its graphical icon is a white knight if it  is
       White's  turn  to  move,  a  black  knight  if it is Black's turn.  See
       Iconize in Keys below if you have  problems  getting  this  feature  to
       work.

   File Menu
       Reset  Resets  XBoard  and  the  chess engine to the beginning of a new
              chess game. The `r' key is a keyboard  equivalent.  In  Internet
              Chess  Server  mode,  clears  the  current state of XBoard, then
              resynchronizes with the ICS by sending a refresh command. If you
              want  to  stop playing, observing, or examining an ICS game, use
              an appropriate command from the Action menu, not  `Reset'.   See
              Action Menu.

       Load Game
              Plays  a  game  from  a  record  file. The `g' key is a keyboard
              equivalent.  A popup dialog prompts you for the  file  name.  If
              the file contains more than one game, a second popup dialog dis-
              plays a list of games (with information  drawn  from  their  PGN
              tags,  if  any),  and  you can select the one you want. Alterna-
              tively, you can load the Nth game in the file directly, by  typ-
              ing the number `N' after the file name, separated by a space.

              The  game  file parser will accept PGN (portable game notation),
              or in fact almost any file  that  contains  moves  in  algebraic
              notation.   Notation  of  the form `P@f7' is accepted for piece-
              drops in bughouse games; this is a nonstandard extension to PGN.
              If  the  file includes a PGN position (FEN tag), or an old-style
              XBoard position diagram bracketed by `[--' and `--]' before  the
              first move, the game starts from that position. Text enclosed in
              parentheses, square brackets, or curly braces is assumed  to  be
              commentary  and  is displayed in a pop-up window. Any other text
              in the file is ignored. PGN variations (enclosed in parentheses)
              are  treated  as  comments; XBoard is not able to walk variation
              trees.  The nonstandard PGN tag  [Variant  "varname"]  functions
              similarly  to  the  -variant  command-line  option  (see below),
              allowing games in certain chess variants to be loaded.  There is
              also a heuristic to recognize chess variants from the Event tag,
              by looking for the strings that the Internet Chess  Servers  put
              there when saving variant ("wild") games.

       Load Next Game
              Loads  the  next game from the last game record file you loaded.
              The shifted `N' key is a keyboard equivalent.

       Load Previous Game
              Loads the previous game from  the  last  game  record  file  you
              loaded.   The  shifted  `P'  key  is a keyboard equivalent.  Not
              available if the last game was loaded from a pipe.

       Reload Same Game
              Reloads the last game you loaded.  Not  available  if  the  last
              game was loaded from a pipe.

       Save Game
              Appends  a record of the current game to a file.  A popup dialog
              prompts you for the file name. If the game did  not  begin  with
              the  standard  starting  position,  the  game  file includes the
              starting position used. Games are saved  in  the  PGN  (portable
              game  notation)  format, unless the oldSaveStyle option is true,
              in which case they are saved in an older format that is specific
              to XBoard. Both formats are human-readable, and both can be read
              back by the `Load Game' command.  Notation of the form `P@f7' is
              accepted  for  piece-drops in bughouse games; this is a nonstan-
              dard extension to PGN.

       Copy Game
              Copies a record of the current game to an internal clipboard  in
              PGN  format and sets the X selection to the game text.  The game
              can be pasted to another application (such as a text  editor  or
              another  copy of XBoard) using that application's paste command.
              In many X applications, such as  xterm  and  emacs,  the  middle
              mouse  button  can  be used for pasting; in XBoard, you must use
              the Paste Game command.

       Paste Game
              Interprets the current X selection as a game  record  and  loads
              it, as with Load Game.

       Load Position
              Sets up a position from a position file.  A popup dialog prompts
              you for the file name. If the file contains more than one  saved
              position,  and  you  want to load the Nth one, type the number N
              after the file name, separated by a space. Position  files  must
              be in FEN (Forsythe-Edwards notation), or in the format that the
              Save Position command writes when oldSaveStyle is turned on.

       Load Next Position
              Loads the next position from the last position file you  loaded.

       Load Previous Position
              Loads  the  previous  position  from  the last position file you
              loaded.  Not available if the last position was  loaded  from  a
              pipe.

       Reload Same Position
              Reloads the last position you loaded.  Not available if the last
              position was loaded from a pipe.

       Save Position
              Appends a diagram of the current position to a  file.   A  popup
              dialog prompts you for the file name. Positions are saved in FEN
              (Forsythe-Edwards notation)  format  unless  the  `oldSaveStyle'
              option is true, in which case they are saved in an older, human-
              readable format that is specific to XBoard. Both formats can  be
              read back by the `Load Position' command.

       Copy Position
              Copies the current position to an internal clipboard in FEN for-
              mat and sets the X selection to the position text.  The position
              can  be  pasted to another application (such as a text editor or
              another copy of XBoard) using that application's paste  command.
              In  many  X  applications,  such  as xterm and emacs, the middle
              mouse button can be used for pasting; in XBoard,  you  must  use
              the Paste Position command.

       Paste Position
              Interprets  the  current X selection as a FEN position and loads
              it, as with Load Position.

       Mail Move
       Reload CMail Message
              See CMail.

       Exit   Exits from XBoard. The shifted `Q' key is a keyboard equivalent.

   Mode Menu
       Machine White
              Tells the chess engine to play White.

       Machine Black
              Tells the chess engine to play Black.

       Two Machines
              Plays a game between two chess engines.

       Analysis Mode
              XBoard  tells  the  chess  engine to start analyzing the current
              game/position and shows you the  analysis  as  you  move  pieces
              around.   Note: Some chess engines do not support Analysis mode.

              To set up a position to analyze, you do the following:

              1. Select Edit Position from the Mode Menu

              2. Set up the position.  Use the middle  and  right  buttons  to
              bring up the white and black piece menus.

              3.  When  you  are  finished, click on either the Black or White
              clock to tell XBoard which side moves first.

              4. Select Analysis Mode from the Mode Menu to start  the  analy-
              sis.

       Analyze File
              This  option  lets you load a game from a file (PGN, XBoard for-
              mat, etc.)  and analyze it. When you select this  menu  item,  a
              popup  window  appears  and asks for a filename to load.  If the
              file contains multiple games, another popup  appears  that  lets
              you  select  which  game  you  wish to analyze.  After a game is
              loaded, use the XBoard arrow buttons to step  forwards/backwards
              through  the  game  and  watch  the  analysis.  Note: Some chess
              engines do not support Analysis mode.

       ICS Client
              This is the normal mode when XBoard  is  connected  to  a  chess
              server.  If you have moved into Edit Game or Edit Position mode,
              you can select this option to get out.

              To use xboard in ICS mode, run it in  the  foreground  with  the
              -ics  option,  and  use the terminal you started it from to type
              commands and receive text responses from the chess server.   See
              Chess Servers below for more information.

              XBoard  activates  some  special  position/game editing features
              when you use the `examine' or `bsetup' commands on ICS  and  you
              have  `ICS  Client'  selected  on the Mode menu.  First, you can
              issue the ICS position-editing commands with  the  mouse.   Move
              pieces  by dragging with mouse button 1.  To drop a new piece on
              a square, press mouse button 2  or  3  over  the  square.   This
              brings  up  a  menu  of  white pieces (button 2) or black pieces
              (button 3).  Additional menu choices let you empty the square or
              clear  the  board.  Click on the White or Black clock to set the
              side to play.  You cannot set the side to play or drag pieces to
              arbitrary  squares  while examining on ICC, but you can do so in
              `bsetup' mode on FICS.  In addition,  the  menu  commands  `For-
              ward',  `Backward',  `Pause',  and `Stop Examining' have special
              functions in this mode; see below.

       Edit Game
              Allows you to make moves for both Black and White, and to change
              moves  after  backing up with the `Backward' command. The clocks
              do not run.

              In chess engine mode, the chess engine continues to check  moves
              for legality but does not participate in the game. You can bring
              the chess engine into the game  by  selecting  `Machine  White',
              `Machine Black', or `Two Machines'.

              In  ICS  mode,  the  moves  are not sent to the ICS: `Edit Game'
              takes XBoard out of ICS Client mode  and  lets  you  edit  games
              locally.   If  you want to edit games on ICS in a way that other
              ICS users can see, use the ICS `examine' command or start an ICS
              match against yourself.

       Edit Position
              Lets you set up an arbitrary board position.  Use mouse button 1
              to drag pieces to new squares, or to delete a piece by  dragging
              it  off  the board or dragging an empty square on top of it.  To
              drop a new piece on a square, press mouse button 2 or 3 over the
              square.  This  brings  up  a  menu of white pieces (button 2) or
              black pieces (button 3). Additional menu choices let  you  empty
              the square or clear the board. You can set the side to play next
              by clicking on the word White or Black at the top of the screen.
              Selecting  `Edit  Position'  causes XBoard to discard all remem-
              bered moves in the current game.

              In ICS mode, changes made to the position by `Edit Position' are
              not  sent  to  the ICS: `Edit Position' takes XBoard out of `ICS
              Client' mode and lets you edit positions locally. If you want to
              edit positions on ICS in a way that other ICS users can see, use
              the ICS `examine' command, or start an ICS match  against  your-
              self.  (See also the ICS Client topic above.)

       Training
              Training  mode  lets you interactively guess the moves of a game
              for one of the players. You guess the next move of the  game  by
              playing  the  move  on the board. If the move played matches the
              next move of the game, the move is accepted and  the  opponent's
              response  is  autoplayed.   If  the move played is incorrect, an
              error message is displayed.  You can select this mode only while
              loading  a  game  (that is, after selecting `Load Game' from the
              File menu).  While XBoard is in `Training' mode, the  navigation
              buttons are disabled.

       Show Game List
              Shows  or  hides  the  list of games generated by the last `Load
              Game' command.

       Edit Tags
              Lets you edit the PGN (portable game notation) tags for the cur-
              rent game. After editing, the tags must still conform to the PGN
              tag syntax:

                  <tag-section> ::= <tag-pair> <tag-section>
                                          <empty>
                  <tag-pair> ::= [ <tag-name> <tag-value> ]
                  <tag-name> ::= <identifier>
                  <tag-value> ::= <string>

              See the PGN Standard for full details. Here is an example:

                  [Event "Portoroz Interzonal"]
                  [Site "Portoroz, Yugoslavia"]
                  [Date "1958.08.16"]
                  [Round "8"]
                  [White "Robert J. Fischer"]
                  [Black "Bent Larsen"]
                  [Result "1-0"]

              Any characters that  do  not  match  this  syntax  are  silently
              ignored.  Note  that the PGN standard requires all games to have
              at least the seven tags shown above. Any that you omit  will  be
              filled in by XBoard with `?' (unknown value), or `-' (inapplica-
              ble value).

       Edit Comment
              Adds or modifies a comment on the current position. Comments are
              saved  by  `Save  Game'  and are displayed by `Load Game', `For-
              ward', and `Backward'.

       ICS Input Box
              If this option is set in ICS mode, XBoard creates an extra  win-
              dow  that you can use for typing in ICS commands.  The input box
              is especially useful if you want to type in something long or do
              some  editing on your input, because output from ICS doesn't get
              mixed in with your typing as it would in the main terminal  win-
              dow.

       Pause  Pauses  updates  to  the board, and if you are playing against a
              chess engine,  also  pauses  your  clock.  To  continue,  select
              `Pause'  again, and the display will automatically update to the
              latest position.  The `P' button and keyboard `p' key are equiv-
              alents.

              If  you select Pause when you are playing against a chess engine
              and it is not your move, the chess engine's clock will  continue
              to  run  and it will eventually make a move, at which point both
              clocks will stop. Since board updates are paused,  however,  you
              will  not see the move until you exit from Pause mode (or select
              Forward).  This behavior is meant to simulate adjournment with a
              sealed move.

              If  you select Pause while you are observing or examining a game
              on a chess server, you can step backward and forward in the cur-
              rent  history  of  the examined game without affecting the other
              observers and examiners, and without having  your  display  jump
              forward  to the latest position each time a move is made. Select
              Pause again to reconnect yourself to the current  state  of  the
              game on ICS.

              If  you  select  `Pause'  while you are loading a game, the game
              stops loading. You can load more  moves  manually  by  selecting
              `Forward',  or  resume  automatic  loading  by selecting `Pause'
              again.

   Action Menu
       Accept Accepts a pending match offer. If there is more than  one  offer
              pending,  you  will  have  to  type  in  a more specific command
              instead of using this menu choice.

       Decline
              Declines a pending offer (match, draw, adjourn, etc.). If  there
              is  more than one offer pending, you will have to type in a more
              specific command instead of using this menu choice.

       Call Flag
              Calls your opponent's flag, claiming a win on time, or  claiming
              a draw if you are both out of time. You can also call your oppo-
              nent's flag by clicking on his clock or by pressing the keyboard
              `t' key.

       Draw   Offers  a  draw  to  your opponent, accepts a pending draw offer
              from your opponent, or  claims  a  draw  by  repetition  or  the
              50-move  rule, as appropriate. The `d' key is a keyboard equiva-
              lent.

       Adjourn
              Asks your opponent to agree to adjourning the current  game,  or
              agrees to a pending adjournment offer from your opponent.

       Abort  Asks  your  opponent  to  agree to aborting the current game, or
              agrees to a pending abort offer from your opponent.  An  aborted
              game  ends immediately without affecting either player's rating.

       Resign Resigns the game to your opponent. The shifted `R' key is a key-
              board equivalent.

       Stop Observing
              Ends  your participation in observing a game, by issuing the ICS
              observe command with no arguments. ICS mode only.

       Stop Examining
              Ends your participation in examining a game, by issuing the  ICS
              unexamine command. ICS mode only.

   Step Menu
       Backward
              Steps  backward through a series of remembered moves.  The `[<]'
              button and the `b' key are equivalents.  In  addition,  pressing
              the Control key steps back one move, and releasing it steps for-
              ward again.

              In most modes, `Backward' only lets you look back at  old  posi-
              tions;  it  does  not retract moves. This is the case if you are
              playing against a chess engine, playing or observing a  game  on
              an  ICS,  or loading a game.  If you select `Backward' in any of
              these situations, you will not be allowed to  make  a  different
              move.  Use  `Retract  Move' or `Edit Game' if you want to change
              past moves.

              If you are examining an ICS game,  the  behavior  of  `Backward'
              depends  on  whether  XBoard  is in Pause mode. If Pause mode is
              off, `Backward' issues the ICS backward command, which backs  up
              everyone's  view  of the game and allows you to make a different
              move. If Pause mode is on, `Backward' only backs up  your  local
              view.

       Forward
              Steps  forward through a series of remembered moves (undoing the
              effect of `Backward') or forward through a game file. The  `[>]'
              button and the `f' key are equivalents.

              If  you  are  examining  an  ICS  game,  the behavior of Forward
              depends on whether XBoard is in Pause mode.  If  Pause  mode  is
              off,  `Forward'  issues  the  ICS  forward  command, which moves
              everyone's view of the game forward along the current  line.  If
              Pause  mode is on, `Forward' only moves your local view forward,
              and it will not go past the position that the game was  in  when
              you paused.

       Back to Start
              Jumps  backward  to  the  first remembered position in the game.
              The `[<<]' button and the shifted `B' key are equivalents.

              In most modes, Back to Start only lets  you  look  back  at  old
              positions;  it  does  not retract moves. This is the case if you
              are playing against a local chess engine, playing or observing a
              game  on  a chess server, or loading a game. If you select `Back
              to Start' in any of these situations, you will not be allowed to
              make  different  moves. Use `Retract Move' or `Edit Game' if you
              want to change past moves; or use Reset to start a new game.

              If you are examining an ICS game, the behavior of @samp{Back  to
              Start} depends on whether XBoard is in Pause mode. If Pause mode
              is off, `Back to Start' issues the ICS  `backward  999999'  com-
              mand,  which  backs  up everyone's view of the game to the start
              and allows you to make different moves. If  Pause  mode  is  on,
              @samp{Back to Start} only backs up your local view.

       Forward to End
              Jumps  forward  to the last remembered position in the game. The
              `[>>]' button and the shifted `F' key are equivalents.

              If you are examining an ICS game, the behavior of  @samp{Forward
              to  End}  depends  on  whether XBoard is in Pause mode. If Pause
              mode is off, `Forward to End' issues the  ICS  `forward  999999'
              command,  which moves everyone's view of the game forward to the
              end of the current line. If Pause mode is on, `Forward  to  End'
              only  moves your local view forward, and it will not go past the
              position that the game was in when you paused.

       Revert If you are examining an ICS game and Pause mode is  off,  issues
              the ICS command `revert'.

       Truncate Game
              Discards  all  remembered  moves  of the game beyond the current
              position. Puts XBoard into `Edit Game' mode if it was not  there
              already.

       Move Now
              Forces  the  chess engine to move immediately. Chess engine mode
              only.

       Retract Move
              Retracts your last move. In chess engine mode, you can  do  this
              only  after  the  chess  engine has replied to your move; if the
              chess engine is still thinking, use `Move  Now'  first.  In  ICS
              mode,  `Retract  Move' issues the command `takeback 1' or `take-
              back 2' depending on whether  it  is  your  opponent's  move  or
              yours.

   Options Menu
       Always Queen
              If  this  option  is off, XBoard brings up a dialog box whenever
              you move a pawn to the last rank, asking what piece you want  to
              promote it to. If the option is true, your pawns are always pro-
              moted to queens. Your opponent can still underpromote.

       Animate Dragging
              If Animate Dragging is on, while you are dragging a  piece  with
              the  mouse,  an image of the piece follows the mouse cursor.  If
              Animate Dragging is off, there is no visual feedback  while  you
              are dragging a piece, but if Animate Moving is on, the move will
              be animated when it is complete.

       Animate Moving
              If Animate Moving is on, all piece moves are animated.  An image
              of  the  piece  is  shown  moving from the old square to the new
              square when the move is completed (unless the move  was  already
              animated  by  Animate  Dragging).   If  Animate Moving is off, a
              moved piece instantly disappears from its old square  and  reap-
              pears on its new square when the move is complete.

       Auto Comment
              If  this  option  is  on,  any remarks made on ICS while you are
              observing or playing a game are recorded as  a  comment  on  the
              current  move.  This includes remarks made with the ICS commands
              `say', `tell', `whisper',  and  `kibitz'.   Limitation:  remarks
              that you type yourself are not recognized; XBoard scans only the
              output from ICS, not the input you type to it.

       Auto Flag
              If this option is on and one player runs out of time before  the
              other,  XBoard  will automatically call his flag, claiming a win
              on time.  In ICS mode, Auto Flag will only call your  opponent's
              flag,  not  yours, and the ICS may award you a draw instead of a
              win if you have insufficient mating material.   In  local  chess
              engine  mode,  XBoard may call either player's flag and will not
              take material into account.

       Auto Flip View
              If the Auto Flip View option is on when you start  a  game,  the
              board  will  be  automatically  oriented so that your pawns move
              from the bottom of the window towards the top.

       Auto Observe
              If this option is on and you add a player to your `gnotify' list
              on  ICS,  XBoard will automatically observe all of that player's
              games, unless you are doing something else (such as observing or
              playing a game of your own) when one starts.  The games are dis-
              played from the point of view of  the  player  on  your  gnotify
              list;  that  is,  his  pawns  move from the bottom of the window
              towards the top.  Exceptions:  If both players in a game are  on
              your gnotify list, if your ICS `highlight' variable is set to 0,
              or if the ICS you are using does not properly support  observing
              from  Black's  point of view, you will see the game from White's
              point of view.

       Auto Raise Board
              If this option is on, whenever a new game begins, the chessboard
              window is deiconized (if necessary) and raised to the top of the
              stack of windows.

       Auto Save
              If this option is true, at the end of every game XBoard  prompts
              you for a file name and appends a record of the game to the file
              you specify.  Disabled if the `saveGameFile' command-line option
              is  set,  as  in  that case all games are saved to the specified
              file.  See Load and Save options.

       Blindfold
              If this option is on, XBoard displays the  board  as  usual  but
              does  not display pieces or move highlights.  You can still move
              in the usual way (with the mouse  or  by  typing  moves  in  ICS
              mode), even though the pieces are invisible.

       Flash Moves
              If  this  option  is on, whenever a move is completed, the moved
              piece flashes.  The number of times  to  flash  is  set  by  the
              flashCount  command-line option; it defaults to 3 if Flash Moves
              is first turned on from the menu.

       Flip View
              Inverts your view of the chess board for  the  duration  of  the
              current  game.  Starting a new game returns the board to normal.
              The `v' key is a keyboard equivalent.

              If you are playing a game on an ICS, the board  is  always  ori-
              ented  at the start of the game so that your pawns move from the
              bottom of the window towards the top.  Otherwise,  the  starting
              orientation is determined by the `flipView' command line option;
              if it is false (the default), White's pawns move from bottom  to
              top at the start of each game; if it is true, Black's pawns move
              from bottom to top. See User interface options.

       Get Move List
              If this option is on, whenever XBoard receives the  first  board
              of  a  new ICS game (or a different game from the one it is cur-
              rently displaying), it retrieves the list of past moves from the
              ICS.   You  can  then  review  the  moves with the `Forward' and
              `Backward' commands or save them with `Save  Game'.   You  might
              want  to turn off this option if you are observing several blitz
              games at once, to keep from wasting time and  network  bandwidth
              fetching  the  move  lists  over  and  over.  When you turn this
              option on from the menu, XBoard  immediately  fetches  the  move
              list of the current game (if any).

       Highlight Last Move
              If Highlight Last Move is on, after a move is made, the starting
              and ending squares remain highlighted. In  addition,  after  you
              use  Backward  or Back to Start, the starting and ending squares
              of the last move to be unmade are highlighted.

       Move Sound
              If this option is on, XBoard alerts you by playing a sound after
              each  of  your  opponent's moves (or after every move if you are
              observing a game on the Internet Chess Server).   The  sound  is
              not  played after moves you make or moves read from a saved game
              file. By default, the sound is the terminal bell,  but  on  some
              systems  you  can  change it to a sound file using the soundMove
              option; see below.

              If you turn on this option when using XBoard with  the  Internet
              Chess  Server,  you  will probably want to give the `set bell 0'
              command to the ICS, since otherwise the ICS will ring the termi-
              nal  bell  after every move (not just yours). (The `.icsrc' file
              is a good place for this; see ICS options.)

       ICS Alarm
              When this option is on, an alarm sound is played when your clock
              counts  down  to  the icsAlarmTime (by default, 5 seconds) in an
              ICS game.  For games with time controls that include  an  incre-
              ment,  the  alarm  will sound each time the clock counts down to
              the icsAlarmTime.  By default, the alarm sound is  the  terminal
              bell,  but  on  some  systems  you can change it to a sound file
              using the soundIcsAlarm option; see below.

       Old Save Style
              If this option is off, XBoard saves games in PGN (portable  game
              notation)  and positions in FEN (Forsythe-Edwards notation).  If
              the option is on, a save style that  is  compatible  with  older
              versions  of  XBoard is used instead.  The old position style is
              more human-readable than FEN; the old game style has no particu-
              lar advantages.

       Periodic Updates
              If  this  option is off (or if you are using a chess engine that
              does not support periodic updates),  the  analysis  window  will
              only be updated when the analysis changes. If this option is on,
              the Analysis Window will be updated every two seconds.

       Ponder Next Move
              If this option is off, the chess engine will think only when  it
              is  on  move.   If  the option is on, the engine will also think
              while waiting for you to make your move.

       Popup Exit Message
              If this option is on, when XBoard wants  to  display  a  message
              just  before  exiting, it brings up a modal dialog box and waits
              for you to click OK before  exiting.   If  the  option  is  off,
              XBoard  prints  the message to standard error (the terminal) and
              exits immediately.

       Popup Move Errors
              If this option is off, when you make an error in moving (such as
              attempting an illegal move or moving the wrong color piece), the
              error message is displayed in the message area.  If  the  option
              is  on,  move  errors  are displayed in small popup windows like
              other errors.  You can dismiss an error popup either by clicking
              its  OK  button  or by clicking anywhere on the board, including
              downclicking to start a move.

       Premove
              If this option is on while playing a game on  an  ICS,  you  can
              register  your  next  planned move before it is your turn.  Move
              the piece with the mouse in the ordinary way, and  the  starting
              and ending squares will be highlighted with a special color (red
              by default).  When it is your turn, if your registered  move  is
              legal,  XBoard  will send it to ICS immediately; if not, it will
              be ignored and you can make a different  move.   If  you  change
              your  mind  about your premove, either make a different move, or
              double-click on any piece to cancel the move entirely.

       Quiet Play
              If this option is on, XBoard will  automatically  issue  an  ICS
              `set shout 0' command whenever you start a game and a `set shout
              1' command whenever you finish one.  Thus, you will not be  dis-
              tracted by shouts from other ICS users while playing.

       Show Coords
              If  this  option  is  on,  XBoard displays algebraic coordinates
              along the board's left and bottom edges.

       Show Thinking
              If this option is set, the chess engine's notion  of  the  score
              and  best line of play from the current position is displayed as
              it is thinking. The score indicates how many pawns ahead (or  if
              negative,  behind)  the  chess  engine  thinks it is. In matches
              between two machines, the score is prefixed by  `W'  or  `B'  to
              indicate  whether it is showing White's thinking or Black's, and
              only the thinking of the engine that is on move is shown.

       Test Legality
              If this option is on, XBoard tests whether the moves you try  to
              make  with  the  mouse  are legal and refuses to let you make an
              illegal move.  Moves loaded from a file  with  `Load  Game'  are
              also checked.  If the option is off, all moves are accepted, but
              if a local chess engine or the ICS is active,  they  will  still
              reject  illegal moves.  Turning off this option is useful if you
              are playing a chess variant with  rules  that  XBoard  does  not
              understand.   (Bughouse,  suicide,  and  wild variants where the
              king may castle after starting on the d file are generally  sup-
              ported with Test Legality on.)

   Help Menu
       Info XBoard
              Displays the XBoard documentation in info format.  For this fea-
              ture to work, you must have the GNU info  program  installed  on
              your  system,  and the file `xboard.info' must either be present
              in the current working directory, or have been installed by  the
              `make install' command when you built XBoard.

       Man XBoard
              Displays  the XBoard documentation in man page format.  For this
              feature to work, the file `xboard.6' must have been installed by
              the `make install' command when you built XBoard, and the direc-
              tory it was placed in must be on the search path for  your  sys-
              tem's `man' command.

       Hint   Displays a move hint from the chess engine.

       Book   Displays  a list of possible moves from the chess engine's open-
              ing book.  The exact format depends on what chess engine you are
              using.  With GNU Chess 4, the first column gives moves, the sec-
              ond column gives one possible response for each  move,  and  the
              third  column shows the number of lines in the book that include
              the move from the first column. If you select  this  option  and
              nothing happens, the chess engine is out of its book or does not
              support this feature.

       About XBoard
              Shows the current XBoard version number.

   Other Shortcut Keys
       Iconize
              Pressing the `i' or `c' key iconizes XBoard. The graphical  icon
              displays a white knight if it is White's move, or a black knight
              if it is Black's move. If your X window  manager  displays  only
              text  icons,  not graphical ones, check its documentation; there
              is probably a way to enable graphical icons.  If you  get  black
              and white reversed, we would like to hear about it; see Problems
              below for instructions on how to report this problem.

       You can add or remove shortcut keys using the X resources  `form.trans-
       lations'.  Here  is  an  example  of what would go in your `.Xdefaults'
       file:

           XBoard*form.translations: \
             Shift<Key>?: AboutGameProc() \n\
             <Key>y: AcceptProc() \n\
             <Key>n: DeclineProc() \n\
             <Key>i: NothingProc()

       Binding a key to `NothingProc' makes it do nothing, thus removing it as
       a shortcut key. The XBoard commands that can be bound to keys are:

           AbortProc, AboutGameProc, AboutProc, AcceptProc, AdjournProc,
           AlwaysQueenProc, AnalysisModeProc, AnalyzeFileProc,
           AnimateDraggingProc, AnimateMovingProc, AutobsProc, AutoflagProc,
           AutoflipProc, AutoraiseProc, AutosaveProc, BackwardProc,
           BlindfoldProc, BookProc, CallFlagProc, CopyGameProc, CopyPositionProc,
           DebugProc, DeclineProc, DrawProc, EditCommentProc, EditGameProc,
           EditPositionProc, EditTagsProc, EnterKeyProc, FlashMovesProc,
           FlipViewProc, ForwardProc, GetMoveListProc, HighlightLastMoveProc,
           HintProc, Iconify, IcsAlarmProc, IcsClientProc, IcsInputBoxProc,
           InfoProc, LoadGameProc, LoadNextGameProc, LoadNextPositionProc,
           LoadPositionProc, LoadPrevGameProc, LoadPrevPositionProc,
           LoadSelectedProc, MachineBlackProc, MachineWhiteProc, MailMoveProc,
           ManProc, MoveNowProc, MoveSoundProc, NothingProc, OldSaveStyleProc,
           PasteGameProc, PastePositionProc, PauseProc, PeriodicUpdatesProc,
           PonderNextMoveProc, PopupExitMessageProc, PopupMoveErrorsProc,
           PremoveProc, QuietPlayProc, QuitProc, ReloadCmailMsgProc,
           ReloadGameProc, ReloadPositionProc, RematchProc, ResetProc,
           ResignProc, RetractMoveProc, RevertProc, SaveGameProc,
           SavePositionProc, ShowCoordsProc, ShowGameListProc, ShowThinkingProc,
           StopExaminingProc, StopObservingProc, TestLegalityProc, ToEndProc,
           ToStartProc, TrainingProc, TruncateGameProc, and TwoMachinesProc.

OPTIONS
       This section documents the command-line options to XBoard.  You can set
       these options in two ways: by typing them on the shell command line you
       use  to  start  XBoard, or by setting them as X resources (typically in
       your `.Xdefaults' file).  Many of the options cannot be  changed  while
       XBoard  is  running;  others set the initial state of items that can be
       changed with the Options menu.

       Most of the options have both a long name and a short name. To  turn  a
       boolean  option  on  or off from the command line, either give its long
       name followed by the value true or false (`-longOptionName  true'),  or
       give  just  the short name to turn the option on (`-opt'), or the short
       name preceded by `x' to turn the option off (`-xopt'). For options that
       take strings or numbers as values, you can use the long or short option
       names interchangeably.

       Each option corresponds to an X resource with the same name, so if  you
       like,  you can set options in your `.Xdefaults' file or in a file named
       `XBoard' in your home directory.  For options that have two names,  the
       longer  one is the name of the corresponding X resource; the short name
       is not recognized.  To turn  a  boolean  option  on  or  off  as  an  X
       resource,  give  its  long  name  followed  by  the value true or false
       (`XBoard*longOptionName: true').

   Chess Engine Options
       -tc or -timeControl minutes[:seconds]
              Each player begins with  his  clock  set  to  the  `timeControl'
              period.  Default: 5 minutes.  The additional options `movesPerS-
              ession' and `timeIncrement' are mutually exclusive.

       -mps or -movesPerSession moves
              When both players  have  made  `movesPerSession'  moves,  a  new
              `timeControl'  period  is  added  to  both  clocks.  Default: 40
              moves.

       -inc or -timeIncrement seconds
              If this  option  is  specified,  `movesPerSession'  is  ignored.
              Instead,  after  each player's move, `timeIncrement' seconds are
              added to his clock.  Use `-inc 0' if you  want  to  require  the
              entire  game  to  be played in one `timeControl' period, with no
              increment.  Default: -1, which specifies `movesPerSession' mode.

       -clock/-xclock or -clockMode true/false
              Determines whether or not to display the chess clocks. If clock-
              Mode is false, the clocks are not shown, but the side that is to
              play  next  is  still  highlighted. Also, unless `searchTime' is
              set, the chess engine still keeps track of the  clock  time  and
              uses it to determine how fast to make its moves.

       -st or -searchTime minutes[:seconds]
              Tells the chess engine to spend at most the given amount of time
              searching for each of its moves. Without this option, the  chess
              engine  chooses its search time based on the number of moves and
              amount of time remaining until the next time  control.   Setting
              this option also sets clockMode to false.

       -depth or -searchDepth number
              Tells the chess engine to look ahead at most the given number of
              moves when searching for a move to make.  Without  this  option,
              the chess engine chooses its search depth based on the number of
              moves and amount of time remaining until the next time  control.
              With  the option, the engine will cut off its search early if it
              reaches the specified depth.

       -thinking/-xthinking or -showThinking true/false
              Sets the Show Thinking option. See Options Menu. Default: false.

       -ponder/-xponder or -ponderNextMove true/false
              Sets  the  Ponder  Next  Move  menu  option.  See  Options Menu.
              Default: true.

       -mg or -matchGames n
              Automatically runs an n-game match between  two  chess  engines,
              with  alternating  colors.   If the `loadGameFile' or `loadPosi-
              tionFile' option is set, XBoard starts each game with the  given
              opening  moves or the given position; otherwise, the games start
              with the standard initial chess position.  If the `saveGameFile'
              option  is  set,  a move record for the match is appended to the
              specified file. If the `savePositionFile'  option  is  set,  the
              final  position reached in each game of the match is appended to
              the specified file. When the match is over, XBoard displays  the
              match score and exits. Default: 0 (do not run a match).

       -mm/-xmm or -matchMode true/false
              Setting   `matchMode'   to   true   is   equivalent  to  setting
              `matchGames' to 1.

       -fcp or -firstChessProgram program
              Name of first chess engine.  Default: `gnuchessx'.

       -scp or -secondChessProgram program
              Name of second chess engine, if needed.  A second  chess  engine
              is   started  only  in  Two  Machines  (match)  mode.   Default:
              `gnuchessx'.

       -fb/-xfb or -firstPlaysBlack true/false
              In games between two chess engines,  firstChessProgram  normally
              plays  white.   If  this option is true, firstChessProgram plays
              black.  In a multi-game match, this option  affects  the  colors
              only  for  the  first  game;  they still alternate in subsequent
              games.

       -fh or -firstHost host
       -sh or -secondHost host
              Hosts on which the chess engines are to  run.  The  default  for
              each  is  `localhost'.  If you specify another host, XBoard uses
              `rsh' to run the chess engine there. (You can substitute a  dif-
              ferent  remote  shell  program  for  rsh using the `remoteShell'
              option described below.)

       -fd or -firstDirectory dir
       -sd or -secondDirectory dir
              Working directories in which the chess engines are  to  be  run.
              The  default  is  "", which means to run the chess engine in the
              same working directory as  XBoard  itself.   (See  the  CHESSDIR
              environment  variable.)   This option is effective only when the
              chess engine is being run on the local host; it does not work if
              the engine is run remotely using the -fh or -sh option.

       -initString string
       -secondInitString string
              The  string  that  is sent to initialize each chess engine for a
              new game.  Default:

                  new
                  random

              Setting this option from the command line is tricky, because you
              must  type in real newline characters, including one at the very
              end.  In most shells you can do this by entering a `\' character
              followed  by a newline. It is easier to set the option from your
              `.Xdefaults' file; in that case you can  include  the  character
              sequence  `\n' in the string, and it will be converted to a new-
              line.

              If you change this option, don't remove the `new' command; it is
              required by all chess engines to start a new game.

              You  can  remove  the `random' command if you like; including it
              causes GNU Chess 4 to randomize its move selection  slightly  so
              that it doesn't play the same moves in every game.  Even without
              `random', GNU Chess 4 randomizes its choice of  moves  from  its
              opening  book.   Many  other  chess  engines ignore this command
              entirely and always (or never) randomize.

              You can also try adding other commands to  the  initString;  see
              the documentation of the chess engine you are using for details.

       -firstComputerString string
       -secondComputerString string
              The string that is sent to the chess engine if its  opponent  is
              another  computer  chess  engine.   The default is `computer\n'.
              Probably the only useful alternative is the empty  string  (`'),
              which  keeps  the engine from knowing that it is playing another
              computer.

       -reuse/-xreuse or -reuseFirst true/false
       -reuse2/-xreuse2 or -reuseSecond true/false
              If the option is false, XBoard kills off the chess engine  after
              every game and starts it again for the next game.  If the option
              is true (the default), XBoard starts the chess engine only  once
              and  uses  it repeatedly to play multiple games.  Some old chess
              engines may not work properly when reuse is turned on, but  oth-
              erwise games will start faster if it is left on.

       -firstProtocolVersion version-number
       -secondProtocolVersion version-number
              This option specifies which version of the chess engine communi-
              cation protocol to use.  By default, version-number  is  2.   In
              version  1,  the  "protover"  command is not sent to the engine;
              since version 1 is a subset of version 2, nothing else  changes.
              Other values for version-number are not supported.

   Internet Chess Server Options
       -ics/-xics or -internetChessServerMode true/false
              Connect  with an Internet Chess Server to play chess against its
              other users, observe games they are  playing,  or  review  games
              that have recently finished. Default: false.

       -icshost or -internetChessServerHost host
              The Internet host name or address of the chess server to connect
              to when in ICS mode. Default: `chessclub.com'.  Another  popular
              chess  server  to  try is `freechess.org'.  If your site doesn't
              have a working Internet name server,  try  specifying  the  host
              address  in  numeric  form.   You  may  also need to specify the
              numeric address when using the icshelper option  with  timestamp
              or timeseal (see below).

       -icsport or -internetChessServerPort port-number
              The  port number to use when connecting to a chess server in ICS
              mode. Default: 5000.

       -icshelper or -internetChessServerHelper prog-name
              An external helper program used to communicate  with  the  chess
              server.  You would set it to "timestamp" for ICC (chessclub.com)
              or "timeseal" for  FICS  (freechess.org),  after  obtaining  the
              correct version of timestamp or timeseal for your computer.  See
              "help timestamp" on ICC  and  "help  timeseal"  on  FICS.   This
              option is shorthand for `-useTelnet -telnetProgram program'.

       -telnet/-xtelnet or -useTelnet true/false
              This  option is poorly named; it should be called useHelper.  If
              set to true, it instructs XBoard to run an external  program  to
              communicate  with the Internet Chess Server.  The program to use
              is given by the telnetProgram option.  If the  option  is  false
              (the default), XBoard opens a TCP socket and uses its own inter-
              nal implementation of the telnet protocol  to  communicate  with
              the ICS. See Firewalls.

       -telnetProgram prog-name
              This  option is poorly named; it should be called helperProgram.
              It gives the name of the telnet program  to  be  used  with  the
              `gateway' and `useTelnet' options.  The default is `telnet'. The
              telnet  program  is  invoked   with   the   value   of   `inter-
              netChessServerHost'  as  its  first  argument  and  the value of
              `internetChessServerPort' as its  second  argument.   See  Fire-
              walls.

       -gateway host-name
              If  this  option is set to a host name, XBoard communicates with
              the Internet Chess Server by using `rsh' to run the  `telnetPro-
              gram'  on  the  given  host,  instead  of using its own internal
              implementation of the telnet protocol. You can substitute a dif-
              ferent  remote  shell  program for `rsh' using the `remoteShell'
              option described below.  See Firewalls.

       -internetChessServerCommPort or -icscomm dev-name
              If this option is set, XBoard communicates with the ICS  through
              the  given character I/O device instead of opening a TCP connec-
              tion.  Use this option if your system does not have any kind  of
              Internet  connection itself (not even a SLIP or PPP connection),
              but you do have dialup access (or a hardwired terminal line)  to
              an  Internet  service  provider from which you can telnet to the
              ICS.

              The support for this option in XBoard is minimal.  You  need  to
              set  all communication parameters and tty modes before you enter
              XBoard.

              Use a script something like this:

                  stty raw -echo 9600 > /dev/tty00
                  xboard -ics -icscomm /dev/tty00

              Here replace `/dev/tty00' with the name of the device that  your
              modem  is  connected  to.  You  might  have  to add several more
              options to these stty commands. See the man pages for `stty' and
              `tty' if you run into problems. Also, on many systems stty works
              on its standard input instead of standard output, so you have to
              use `<' instead of `>'.

              If  you  are  using  linux,  try starting with the script below.
              Change it as necessary for your installation.

                  #!/bin/sh -f
                  # configure modem and fire up XBoard

                  # configure modem
                  (
                    stty 2400 ; stty raw ; stty hupcl ; stty -clocal
                    stty ignbrk ; stty ignpar ; stty ixon ; stty ixoff
                    stty -iexten ; stty -echo
                  ) < /dev/modem
                  xboard -ics -icscomm /dev/modem

              After you start XBoard in this way, type whatever  commands  are
              necessary  to  dial  out  to  your Internet provider and log in.
              Then telnet to ICS, using a command like  `telnet  chessclub.com
              5000'.   Important:  See the paragraph below about extra echoes,
              in Limitations.

       -icslogon or -internetChessServerLogonScript file-name
              Whenever XBoard connects to the Internet  Chess  Server,  if  it
              finds  a  file  with the name given in this option, it feeds the
              file's contents to the ICS as commands. The default file name is
              `.icsrc'.   Usually  the  first  two lines of the file should be
              your ICS user name and password.  The  file  can  be  either  in
              $CHESSDIR, in XBoard's working directory if CHESSDIR is not set,
              or in your home directory.

       -msLoginDelay delay
              If you experience trouble logging on to an ICS  when  using  the
              `-icslogon'  option,  inserting some delay between characters of
              the logon script may help. This option adds `delay' milliseconds
              of delay between characters. Good values to try are 100 and 250.

       -icsinput/-xicsinput or -internetChessServerInputBox true/false
              Sets the ICS Input Box menu  option.  See  Mode  Menu.  Default:
              false.

       -autocomm/-xautocomm or -autoComment true/false
              Sets  the  Auto  Comment menu option. See Options Menu. Default:
              false.

       -autoflag/-xautoflag or -autoCallFlag true/false
              Sets the Auto Flag menu  option.   See  Options  Menu.  Default:
              false.

       -autobs/-xautobs or -autoObserve true/false
              Sets  the  Auto Observe menu option.  See Options Menu. Default:
              false.

       -moves/-xmoves or -getMoveList true/false
              Sets the Get Move List menu option.  See Options Menu.  Default:
              true.

       -alarm/-xalarm or -icsAlarm true/false
              Sets  the  ICS  Alarm  menu  option.  See Options Menu. Default:
              true.

       -icsAlarmTime ms
              Sets the time in milliseconds for the  ICS  Alarm  menu  option.
              See Options Menu. Default: 5000.

       -pre/-xpre or -premove true/false
              Sets the Premove menu option. See Options Menu. Default: true.

       -quiet/-xquiet or -quietPlay true/false
              Sets  the  Quiet  Play menu option.  See Options Menu.  Default:
              false.

       -colorizeMessages or -colorize
              Setting colorizeMessages to true tells XBoard  to  colorize  the
              messages received from the ICS.  Colorization works only if your
              xterm supports ISO 6429 escape sequences for changing text  col-
              ors.

       -colorShout foreground,background,bold
       -colorSShout foreground,background,bold
       -colorChannel1 foreground,background,bold
       -colorChannel foreground,background,bold
       -colorKibitz foreground,background,bold
       -colorTell foreground,background,bold
       -colorChallege foreground,background,bold
       -colorRequest foreground,background,bold
       -colorSeek foreground,background,bold
       -colorNormal foreground,background,bold
              These  options set the colors used when colorizing ICS messages.
              All ICS messages are  grouped  into  one  of  these  categories:
              shout,  sshout,  channel  1,  other channel, kibitz, tell, chal-
              lenge, request (including abort, adjourn, draw, pause, and take-
              back), or normal (all other messages).

              Each foreground or background argument can be one of the follow-
              ing: black, red, green, yellow, blue, magenta, cyan,  white,  or
              default.  Here ``default'' means the default foreground or back-
              ground color of your xterm.  Bold can be 1 or 0.  If  background
              is  omitted,  ``default''  is  assumed; if bold is omitted, 0 is
              assumed.

              Here is an example of how to set the colors in your `.Xdefaults'
              file.   The  colors  shown here are the default values; you will
              get them if you turn `-colorize' on without specifying your  own
              colors.

                  xboard*colorizeMessages: true
                  xboard*colorShout: green
                  xboard*colorSShout: green, black, 1
                  xboard*colorChannel1: cyan
                  xboard*colorChannel: cyan, black, 1
                  xboard*colorKibitz: magenta, black, 1
                  xboard*colorTell: yellow, black, 1
                  xboard*colorChallenge: red, black, 1
                  xboard*colorRequest: red
                  xboard*colorSeek: blue
                  xboard*colorNormal: default

       -soundProgram progname
              If  this  option  is  set  to  a  sound-playing  program that is
              installed and working on your  system,  XBoard  can  play  sound
              files when certain events occur, listed below.  The default pro-
              gram name is "play".  If any of the sound options is set to "$",
              the  event  rings the terminal bell by sending a ^G character to
              standard output, instead of playing a sound file.  If an  option
              is  set  to  the  empty  string  "", no sound is played for that
              event.

       -soundShout filename
       -soundSShout filename
       -soundChannel filename
       -soundKibitz filename
       -soundTell filename
       -soundChallenge filename
       -soundRequest filename
       -soundSeek filename
              These sounds are triggered in the same way as  the  colorization
              events described above.  They all default to "", no sound.  They
              are played only if the colorizeMessages is on.

       -soundMove filename
              This sound is used by the Move Sound menu option.  Default: "$".

       -soundIcsAlarm filename
              This  sound is used by the ICS Alarm menu option.  Default: "$".

       -soundIcsWin filename
              This sound is played when you win an ICS game.  Default: ""  (no
              sound).

       -soundIcsLoss filename
              This sound is played when you lose an ICS game.  Default: "" (no
              sound).

       -soundIcsDraw filename
              This sound is played when you draw an ICS game.  Default: "" (no
              sound).

       -soundIcsUnfinished filename
              This sound is played when an ICS game that you are participating
              in is aborted,  adjourned,  or  otherwise  ends  inconclusively.
              Default: "" (no sound).

              Here  is  an example of how to set the sounds in your .Xdefaults
              file:

                  xboard*soundShout: shout.wav
                  xboard*soundSShout: sshout.wav
                  xboard*soundChannel1: channel1.wav
                  xboard*soundChannel: channel.wav
                  xboard*soundKibitz: kibitz.wav
                  xboard*soundTell: tell.wav
                  xboard*soundChallenge: challenge.wav
                  xboard*soundRequest: request.wav
                  xboard*soundSeek: seek.wav
                  xboard*soundMove: move.wav
                  xboard*soundIcsWin: win.wav
                  xboard*soundIcsLoss: lose.wav
                  xboard*soundIcsDraw: draw.wav
                  xboard*soundIcsUnfinished: unfinished.wav
                  xboard*soundIcsAlarm: alarm.wav

   Load and Save Options
       -lgf or -loadGameFile file
       -lgi or -loadGameIndex index
              If the `loadGameFile' option is set, XBoard loads the  specified
              game  file  at startup. The file name `-' specifies the standard
              input. If there is more than one game in the file,  XBoard  pops
              up  a  menu  of the available games, with entries based on their
              PGN (Portable  Game  Notation)  tags.   If  the  `loadGameIndex'
              option  is  set to `N', the menu is suppressed and the N th game
              found in the file is loaded immediately.  The menu is also  sup-
              pressed if `matchMode' is enabled or if the game file is a pipe;
              in these cases the first game in the file is loaded immediately.
              Use  the `pxboard' shell script provided with XBoard if you want
              to pipe in files containing multiple games  and  still  see  the
              menu.

       -td or -timeDelay seconds
              Time  delay between moves during `Load Game'. Fractional seconds
              are allowed; try `-td 0.4'. A  time  delay  value  of  -1  tells
              XBoard  not to step through game files automatically. Default: 1
              second.

       -sgf or -saveGameFile file
              If this option is set, XBoard appends a  record  of  every  game
              played  to  the  specified file. The file name `-' specifies the
              standard output.

       -autosave/-xautosave or -autoSaveGames true/false
              Sets the Auto Save menu option.   See  Options  Menu.   Default:
              false.  Ignored if `saveGameFile' is set.

       -lpf or -loadPositionFile file
       -lpi or -loadPositionIndex index
              If the `loadPositionFile' option is set, XBoard loads the speci-
              fied position file at startup. The file name `-'  specifies  the
              standard  input.  If the `loadPositionIndex' option is set to N,
              the Nth position found in the  file  is  loaded;  otherwise  the
              first position is loaded.

       -spf or -savePositionFile file
              If this option is set, XBoard appends the final position reached
              in every game played to the specified file. The  file  name  `-'
              specifies the standard output.

       -oldsave/-xoldsave or -oldSaveStyle true/false
              Sets  the  Old  Save  Style  menu  option.   See  Options  Menu.
              Default: false.

   User Interface Options
       -display
       -geometry
       -iconic
              These and most other standard Xt options are accepted.

       -movesound/-xmovesound or -ringBellAfterMoves true/false
              Sets the Move Sound menu option.  See  Options  Menu.   Default:
              false.  For compatibility with old XBoard versions, -bell/-xbell
              are also accepted as abbreviations for this option.

       -exit/-xexit or -popupExitMessage true/false
              Sets the Popup Exit Message  menu  option.   See  Options  Menu.
              Default: true.

       -popup/-xpopup or -popupMoveErrors true/false
              Sets  the  Popup  Move  Errors  menu  option.  See Options Menu.
              Default: false.

       -queen/-xqueen or -alwaysPromoteToQueen true/false
              Sets the Always Queen menu option.  See Options Menu.   Default:
              false.

       -legal/-xlegal or -testLegality true/false
              Sets the Test Legality menu option.  See Options Menu.  Default:
              true.

       -size or -boardSize (sizeName | n1,n2,n3,n4,n5,n6,n7)
              Determines how large the board will be, by selecting  the  pixel
              size  of  the  pieces and setting a few related parameters.  The
              sizeName can be one of: Titanic, giving  129x129  pixel  pieces,
              Colossal  116x116,  Giant  108x108, Huge 95x95, Big 87x87, Large
              80x80, Bulky 72x72, Medium 64x64, Moderate 58x58, Average 54x54,
              Middling  49x49, Mediocre 45x45, Small 40x40, Slim 37x37, Petite
              33x33, Dinky 29x29, Teeny 25x25, or Tiny 21x21.  Pieces  of  all
              these  sizes  are built into XBoard.  Other sizes can be used if
              you have  them;  see  the  pixmapDirectory  and  bitmapDirectory
              options.   The default depends on the size of your screen; it is
              approximately the largest size that will fit without clipping.

              You can select other sizes or vary other  layout  parameters  by
              providing  a  list of comma-separated values (with no spaces) as
              the argument.  You do not need to provide all  the  values;  for
              any  you  omit from the end of the list, defaults are taken from
              the nearest built-in size.  The value `n1' gives the piece size,
              `n2'  the  width  of  the black border between squares, `n3' the
              desired size for the clockFont, `n4' the desired  size  for  the
              coordFont,  `n5' the desired size for the default font, `n6' the
              smallLayout flag (0 or 1), and `n7' the tinyLayout  flag  (0  or
              1).   All  dimensions  are  in  pixels.   If  the border between
              squares is eliminated (0 width), the various  highlight  options
              will  not  work,  as there is nowhere to draw the highlight.  If
              smallLayout is 1 and `titleInWindow' is true, the window  layout
              is rearranged to make more room for the title.  If tinyLayout is
              1, the labels on the menu bar are abbreviated to  one  character
              each and the buttons in the button bar are made narrower.

       -coords/-xcoords or -showCoords true/false
              Sets  the  Show Coords menu option.  See Options Menu.  Default:
              false.  The `coordFont' option specifies what font to use.

       -autoraise/-xautoraise or -autoRaiseBoard true/false
              Sets the Auto  Raise  Board  menu  option.   See  Options  Menu.
              Default: true.

       -autoflip/-xautoflip or -autoFlipView true/false
              Sets  the  Auto  Flip  View  menu  option.   See  Options  Menu.
              Default: true.

       -flip/-xflip or -flipView true/false
              If Auto Flip View is not set, or if you are  observing  but  not
              participating  in  a  game, then the positioning of the board at
              the start of each game  depends  on  the  flipView  option.   If
              flipView is false (the default), the board is positioned so that
              the white pawns move from the bottom to the top;  if  true,  the
              black  pawns  move from the bottom to the top.  In any case, the
              Flip menu option (see Options Menu) can  be  used  to  flip  the
              board after the game starts.

       -title/-xtitle or -titleInWindow true/false
              If  this  option  is true, XBoard displays player names (for ICS
              games) and game file names (for `Load  Game')  inside  its  main
              window.  If  the option is false (the default), this information
              is displayed only in the window banner. You probably won't  want
              to  set  this option unless the information is not showing up in
              the banner, as happens with a few X window managers.

       -buttons/-xbuttons or -showButtonBar True/False
              If this option is False, xboard omits the [<<] [<] [P] [>]  [>>]
              button  bar  from  the  window,  allowing the message line to be
              wider.  You can still get the functions of these  buttons  using
              the menus or their keyboard shortcuts.  Default: true.

       -mono/-xmono or -monoMode true/false
              Determines  whether  XBoard displays its pieces and squares with
              two colors (true) or four (false). You shouldn't have to specify
              `monoMode'; XBoard will determine if it is necessary.

       -flashCount count
       -flashRate rate
       -flash/-xflash
              These  options enable flashing of pieces when they land on their
              destination square.  `flashCount' tells XBoard how many times to
              flash  a  piece  after  it  lands  on  its  destination  square.
              `flashRate' controls the rate of flashing (flashes/sec).  Abbre-
              viations:  `flash'  sets  flashCount to 3.  `xflash' sets flash-
              Count to 0.  Defaults:  flashCount=0 (no flashing), flashRate=5.

       -highlight/-xhighlight or -highlightLastMove true/false
              Sets  the  Highlight  Last  Move  menu option. See Options Menu.
              Default: false.

       -blind/-xblind or -blindfold true/false
              Sets the Blindfold menu option.   See  Options  Menu.   Default:
              false.

       -clockFont font
              The  font  used for the clocks. If the option value is a pattern
              that does not specify the font size, XBoard tries to  choose  an
              appropriate  font  for  the  board  size  being  used.  Default:
              -*-helvetica-bold-r-normal--*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*.

       -coordFont font
              The font used for rank and file coordinate  labels  if  `showCo-
              ords'  is  true.  If the option value is a pattern that does not
              specify the font size, XBoard tries  to  choose  an  appropriate
              font for the board size being used.  Default: -*-helvetica-bold-
              r-normal--*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*.

       -font font
              The font used for popup dialogs, menus, comments, etc.   If  the
              option  value  is a pattern that does not specify the font size,
              XBoard tries to choose an appropriate font for  the  board  size
              being       used.       Default:      -*-helvetica-medium-r-nor-
              mal--*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*.

       -fontSizeTolerance tol
              In the font selection algorithm, a nonscalable font will be pre-
              ferred  over a scalable font if the nonscalable font's size dif-
              fers by `tol' pixels or less from the desired size.  A value  of
              -1  will force a scalable font to always be used if available; a
              value of 0 will use a nonscalable font only if it is exactly the
              right  size;  a  large value (say 1000) will force a nonscalable
              font to always be used if available.  Default: 4.

       -bm or -bitmapDirectory dir
       -pixmap or -pixmapDirectory dir
              These options control what piece images xboard uses.  The XBoard
              distribution includes one set of pixmap pieces in xpm format, in
              the directory `pixmaps', and one set of  bitmap  pieces  in  xbm
              format, in the directory `bitmaps'.  Pixmap pieces give a better
              appearance on the screen: the white pieces  have  dark  borders,
              and  the  black  pieces  have  opaque  internal  details.   With
              bitmaps, neither piece color has  a  border,  and  the  internal
              details are transparent; you see the square color or other back-
              ground color through them.

              If XBoard is configured and compiled on a system  that  includes
              libXpm, the X pixmap library, the xpm pixmap pieces are compiled
              in as the default.  A different xpm piece set can be selected at
              runtime with the `pixmapDirectory' option, or a bitmap piece set
              can be selected with the `bitmapDirectory' option.

              If XBoard is configured and compiled on a system that  does  not
              include  libXpm  (or  the `--disable-xpm' option is given to the
              configure program), the bitmap pieces are  compiled  in  as  the
              default.  It is not possible to use xpm pieces in this case, but
              pixmap pieces in another format called "xim" can be used by giv-
              ing  the `pixmapDirectory' option.  Or again, a different bitmap
              piece set can be selected with the `bitmapDirectory' option.

              Files in the `bitmapDirectory' must be  named  as  follows:  The
              first character of a piece bitmap name gives the piece it repre-
              sents (`p', `n', `b', `r', `q', or  `k'),  the  next  characters
              give  the  size  in  pixels,  the  following character indicates
              whether the piece is solid or outline  (`s'  or  `o'),  and  the
              extension  is `.bm'.  For example, a solid 80x80 knight would be
              named  `n80s.bm'.   The  outline  bitmaps  are  used   only   in
              monochrome  mode.   If  bitmap  pieces  are  compiled in and the
              bitmapDirectory is missing some files, the  compiled  in  pieces
              are used instead.

              If  the  bitmapDirectory option is given, it is also possible to
              replace xboard's icons and menu checkmark,  by  supplying  files
              named `icon_white.bm', `icon_black.bm', and `checkmark.bm'.

              For  more  information  about pixmap pieces and how to get addi-
              tional sets, see zic2xpm below.

       -whitePieceColor color
       -blackPieceColor color
       -lightSquareColor color
       -darkSquareColor color
       -highlightSquareColor color
              Colors to use for the pieces, squares,  and  square  highlights.
              Defaults:

                  -whitePieceColor       #FFFFCC
                  -blackPieceColor       #202020
                  -lightSquareColor      #C8C365
                  -darkSquareColor       #77A26D
                  -highlightSquareColor  #FFFF00
                  -premoveHighlightColor #FF0000

              On a grayscale monitor you might prefer:

                  -whitePieceColor       gray100
                  -blackPieceColor       gray0
                  -lightSquareColor      gray80
                  -darkSquareColor       gray60
                  -highlightSquareColor  gray100
                  -premoveHighlightColor gray70

       -drag/-xdrag or -animateDragging true/false
              Sets  the  Animate  Dragging  menu  option.  See  Options  Menu.
              Default: true.

       -animate/-xanimate or -animateMoving true/false
              Sets the Animate Moving menu option. See Options Menu.  Default:
              true.

       -animateSpeed n
              Number  of  milliseconds delay between each animation frame when
              Animate Moves is on.

   Other Options
       -ncp/-xncp or -noChessProgram true/false
              If this option is true, XBoard acts as a passive chessboard;  it
              does  not  start  a  chess engine at all. Turning on this option
              also turns off clockMode. Default: false.

       -mode or -initialMode modename
              If this option is given, XBoard selects the given modename  from
              the  Mode menu after starting and (if applicable) processing the
              loadGameFile or loadPositionFile option. Default: "" (no  selec-
              tion).   Other  supported values are MachineWhite, MachineBlack,
              TwoMachines, Analysis, AnalyzeFile, EditGame, EditPosition,  and
              Training.

       -variant varname
              Activates  preliminary,  partial support for playing chess vari-
              ants against a local engine or editing variant games.  This flag
              is not needed in ICS mode.  Recognized variant names are:

                  normal        Normal chess
                  wildcastle    Shuffle chess, king can castle from d file
                  nocastle      Shuffle chess, no castling allowed
                  fischerandom  Fischer Random shuffle chess
                  bughouse      Bughouse, ICC/FICS rules
                  crazyhouse    Crazyhouse, ICC/FICS rules
                  losers        Lose all pieces or get mated (ICC wild 17)
                  suicide       Lose all pieces including king (FICS)
                  giveaway      Try to have no legal moves (ICC wild 26)
                  twokings      Weird ICC wild 9
                  kriegspiel    Opponent's pieces are invisible
                  atomic        Capturing piece explodes (ICC wild 27)
                  3check        Win by giving check 3 times (ICC wild 25)
                  shatranj      An ancient precursor of chess (ICC wild 28)
                  unknown       Catchall for other unknown variants

              In the shuffle variants, xboard does not shuffle the pieces, but
              you can do it by hand using Edit Position.   Some  variants  are
              supported  only  in  ICS mode, including fischerandom, bughouse,
              and kriegspiel.  The winning/drawing  conditions  in  crazyhouse
              (offboard  interposition  on  mate),  losers, suicide, giveaway,
              atomic, and 3check are not  fully  understood.   In  crazyhouse,
              xboard  does not yet keep track of offboard pieces.  Shatranj is
              unsupported, but it may be usable if you turn off Test Legality.

       -debug/-xdebug or -debugMode true/false
              Turns on debugging printout.

       -rsh or -remoteShell shell-name
              Name  of  the command used to run programs remotely. The default
              is `rsh' or `remsh', determined when XBoard  is  configured  and
              compiled.

       -ruser or -remoteUser user-name
              User  name  on  the remote system when running programs with the
              `remoteShell'. The default is your local user name.

CHESS SERVERS
       An "Internet Chess Server", or "ICS", is a place on the Internet  where
       people  can  get together to play chess, watch other people's games, or
       just chat.  You can use either `telnet' or a client program like XBoard
       to  connect  to the server.  There are thousands of registered users on
       the different ICS hosts, and it is not unusual  to  meet  200  on  both
       chessclub.com and freechess.org.

       Most  people  can  just  type  `xboard  -ics' to start XBoard as an ICS
       client.  Invoking XBoard in this way connects you to the Internet Chess
       Club  (ICC), a commercial ICS.  You can log in there as a guest even if
       you do not have a paid account.  To connect to  the  largest  Free  ICS
       (FICS),  use  the command `xboard -ics -icshost freechess.org' instead,
       or substitute a different host name to connect to  your  favorite  ICS.
       For a full description of command-line options that control the connec-
       tion to ICS and change the default  values  of  ICS  options,  see  ICS
       options.

       While  you  are  running  XBoard as an ICS client, you use the terminal
       window that you started XBoard from as a place to type in commands  and
       read information that is not available on the chessboard.

       The first time you need to use the terminal is to enter your login name
       and password, if you are a registered player. (You  don't  need  to  do
       this  manually;  the  `icsLogon'  option  can  do  it for you.  See ICS
       options.)  If you are not registered, enter `g' as your name,  and  the
       server will pick a unique guest name for you.

       Some useful ICS commands include

       help <topic>
              to get help on the given <topic>. To get a list of possible top-
              ics type "help" without topic.  Try the help command before  you
              ask other people on the server for help.

              For example `help register' tells you how to become a registered
              ICS player.

       who <flags>
              to see a list of people who are logged on.  Administrators (peo-
              ple  you  should  talk to if you have a problem) are marked with
              the character `*', an asterisk. The <flags> allow you to display
              only  selected  players:  For  example, `who of' shows a list of
              players who are interested in playing but do not have  an  oppo-
              nent.

       games  to see what games are being played

       match <player> [<mins>] [<inc>]
              to challenge another player to a game. Both opponents get <mins>
              minutes for the game, and <inc> seconds will be added after each
              move.   If another player challenges you, the server asks if you
              want to accept the challenge; use the `accept' or `decline' com-
              mands to answer.

       accept
       decline
              to  accept  or decline another player's offer.  The offer may be
              to start a new game, or to  agree  to  a  `draw',  `adjourn'  or
              `abort' the current game. See Action Menu.

              If  you  have  more than one pending offer (for example, if more
              than one player is challenging you, or if your  opponent  offers
              both  a  draw and to adjourn the game), you have to supply addi-
              tional information, by typing something like `accept  <player>',
              `accept draw', or `draw'.

       draw
       adjourn
       abort  asks  your  opponent  to  terminate  a game by mutual agreement.
              Adjourned games can  be  continued  later.   Your  opponent  can
              either  `decline'  your  offer  or accept it (by typing the same
              command or typing `accept').  In some cases these commands  work
              immediately,  without  asking your opponent to agree.  For exam-
              ple, you can abort the game unilaterally if your opponent is out
              of  time,  and you can claim a draw by repetition or the 50-move
              rule if available simply by typing `draw'.

       finger <player>
              to get information about the  given  <player>.  (Default:  your-
              self.)

       vars   to get a list of personal settings

       set <var> <value>
              to modify these settings

       observe <player>
              to observe an ongoing game of the given <player>.

       examine
       oldmoves
              to review a recently completed game

       Some special XBoard features are activated when you are in examine mode
       on ICS.  See the descriptions of the menu  commands  `Forward',  `Back-
       ward',  `Pause',  `ICS  Client', and `Stop Examining' on the Step Menu,
       Mode Menu, and Options Menu.

FIREWALLS
       By default, XBoard communicates with an Internet Chess Server by  open-
       ing a TCP socket directly from the machine it is running on to the ICS.
       If there is a firewall between your machine and  the  ICS,  this  won't
       work.  Here  are  some recipes for getting around common kinds of fire-
       walls using special options to XBoard.  Important: See the paragraph in
       the below about extra echoes, in Limitations.

       Suppose  that you can't telnet directly to ICS, but you can telnet to a
       firewall host, log in, and then telnet from there to  ICS.   Let's  say
       the firewall is called `firewall.example.com'. Set command-line options
       as follows:

           xboard -ics -icshost firewall.example.com -icsport 23

       Or in your `.Xdefaults' file:

           XBoard*internetChessServerHost: firewall.example.com
           XBoard*internetChessServerPort: 23

       Then when you run XBoard in ICS mode, you will be prompted to log in to
       the  firewall  host.  This works because port 23 is the standard telnet
       login service. Do so, then telnet to ICS, using a command like  `telnet
       chessclub.com 5000', or whatever command the firewall provides for tel-
       netting to port 5000.

       If your firewall lets you  telnet  (or  rlogin)  to  remote  hosts  but
       doesn't  let you telnet to port 5000, you may be able to connect to the
       chess server on port 23 instead, which is the port the  telnet  program
       uses  by  default.   Some  chess servers support this (including chess-
       club.com and freechess.org), while some do not.

       If your chess server does not allow connections on  port  23  and  your
       firewall  does not allow you to connect to other ports, you may be able
       to connect by hopping through another host outside  the  firewall  that
       you have an account on.  For instance, suppose you have a shell account
       at `foo.edu'. Follow the recipe above, but instead  of  typing  `telnet
       chessclub.com  5000' to the firewall, type `telnet foo.edu' (or `rlogin
       foo.edu'), log in there, and then type `telnet chessclub.com 5000'.

       Suppose that you can't telnet directly to ICS, but you can use  rsh  to
       run  programs  on  a  firewall  host,  and that host can telnet to ICS.
       Let's say the firewall is called  `rsh.example.com'.  Set  command-line
       options as follows:

           xboard -ics -gateway rsh.example.com -icshost chessclub.com

       Or in your `.Xdefaults' file:

           XBoard*gateway: rsh.example.com
           XBoard*internetChessServerHost: chessclub.com

       Then  when  you  run  XBoard in ICS mode, it will connect to the ICS by
       using `rsh' to run the command  `telnet  chessclub.com  5000'  on  host
       `rsh.example.com'.

       Suppose  that  you  can telnet anywhere you want, but you have to run a
       special program called `ptelnet' to do so.

       First, we'll consider the easy case, in  which  `ptelnet  chessclub.com
       5000'  gets  you  to  the  chess server.  In this case set command line
       options as follows:

           xboard -ics -telnet -telnetProgram ptelnet

       Or in your `.Xdefaults' file:

           XBoard*useTelnet: true
           XBoard*telnetProgram: ptelnet

       Then when you run XBoard in ICS mode, it will issue the command  `ptel-
       net chessclub.com 5000' to connect to the ICS.

       Next,  suppose that `ptelnet chessclub.com 5000' doesn't work; that is,
       your `ptelnet' program doesn't let you connect to alternative ports. As
       noted  above,  your  chess  server  may allow you to connect on port 23
       instead.  In that case, just add the option `-icsport ""' to the  above
       command,  or add `XBoard*internetChessServerPort:' to your `.Xdefaults'
       file.  But if your chess server doesn't let you connect on port 23, you
       will  have to find some other host outside the firewall and hop through
       it. For instance, suppose you have a shell account  at  `foo.edu'.  Set
       command line options as follows:

           xboard -ics -telnet -telnetProgram ptelnet -icshost foo.edu -icsport ""

       Or in your `.Xdefaults' file:

           XBoard*useTelnet: true
           XBoard*telnetProgram: ptelnet
           XBoard*internetChessServerHost: foo.edu
           XBoard*internetChessServerPort:

       Then  when you run XBoard in ICS mode, it will issue the command `ptel-
       net foo.edu' to connect to your account at  `foo.edu'.  Log  in  there,
       then type `telnet chessclub.com 5000'.

       ICC  timestamp  and  FICS  timeseal do not work through some firewalls.
       You can use them only if your firewall gives  a  clean  TCP  connection
       with  a  full  8-bit wide path.  If your firewall allows you to get out
       only by running a special telnet program, you can't  use  timestamp  or
       timeseal  across it.  But if you have access to a computer just outside
       your firewall, and you have much lower netlag when talking to that com-
       puter  than to the ICS, it might be worthwhile running timestamp there.
       Follow the instructions above for hopping through a  host  outside  the
       firewall  (foo.edu  in  the  example), but run timestamp or timeseal on
       that host instead of telnet.

       Suppose that you have a SOCKS firewall that will give you a clean 8-bit
       wide  TCP  connection to the chess server, but only after you authenti-
       cate yourself via the SOCKS protocol.  In that case, you could  make  a
       socksified  version of XBoard and run that.  If you are using timestamp
       or timeseal, you will to socksify it, not XBoard; this may be difficult
       seeing that ICC and FICS do not provide source code for these programs.
       Socksification is beyond the scope of this document, but see the  SOCKS
       Web  site  at  http://www.socks.permeo.com/.  If you are missing SOCKS,
       try http://www.funbureau.com/.

ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
       Game and position files are found in a directory named by  the  `CHESS-
       DIR'  environment  variable.  If  this variable is not set, the current
       working directory is  used.  If  `CHESSDIR'  is  set,  XBoard  actually
       changes  its  working directory to `$CHESSDIR', so any files written by
       the chess engine will be placed there too.

LIMITATIONS AND KNOWN BUGS
       There is no way for two people running copies of XBoard  to  play  each
       other without going through an Internet Chess Server.

       Under  some circumstances, your ICS password may be echoed when you log
       on.

       If you are connecting to the ICS  by  running  telnet  on  an  Internet
       provider  or  firewall  host,  you  may find that each line you type is
       echoed back an extra time after  you  hit  <Enter>.  If  your  Internet
       provider is a Unix system, you can probably turn its echo off by typing
       `stty -echo' after you log in, and/or typing <^E><Enter>  (Ctrl+E  fol-
       lowed  by  the  Enter  key) to the telnet program after you have logged
       into ICS.  It is a good idea to do this if you can, because  the  extra
       echo can occasionally confuse XBoard's parsing routines.

       The game parser recognizes only algebraic notation.

       The internal move legality tester does not look at the game history, so
       in some cases it misses illegal castling or en  passant  captures.   It
       permits  castling  with the king on the d file because this is possible
       in some "wild 1" games on ICS.  It does not check piece drops  in  bug-
       house and crazyhouse to see if you actually hold the piece you are try-
       ing to drop.  However, if you attempt an  illegal  move  when  using  a
       chess engine or chess server, XBoard will accept the error message that
       comes back, undo the move, and let you try another.

       Fischer Random castling is not understood.  You can probably play  Fis-
       cher  Random  successfully on ICS by typing castling moves into the ICS
       Interaction window, but they will not be animated correctly, and  saved
       games will not be loaded correctly if castling occurs.

       FEN  positions  saved by XBoard never include correct information about
       whether castling is legal or how many half-moves have been  made  since
       the  last  irreversible  move, and sometimes may not correctly indicate
       when en passant capture is available.

       The mate detector does not understand  that  non-contact  mate  is  not
       really  mate  in bughouse and crazyhouse.  The only problem this causes
       while playing is minor: a `#' (mate indicator) character will  show  up
       after  a  non-contact  mating  move  in  the move list; XBoard will not
       assume the game is over at that point.  However, if you are  editing  a
       game, Edit Game mode will be terminated by a non-contact mate.

       The  menus  may  not  work if your keyboard is in Caps Lock or Num Lock
       mode.  This seems to be a problem with the Athena menu widget,  not  an
       XBoard bug.

       Also  see  the  ToDo file included with the distribution for many other
       possible bugs, limitations, and ideas for improvement  that  have  been
       suggested.

REPORTING PROBLEMS
       Report bugs and problems with XBoard to `<bug-xboard@gnu.org>'.

       Please  use the `script' program to start a typescript, run XBoard with
       the `-debug' option, and include the typescript output in your message.
       Also tell us what kind of machine and what operating system version you
       are using.  The command `uname -a' will often tell you this.  Here is a
       sample of approximately what you should type:

           script
           uname -a
           ./configure
           make
           ./xboard -debug
           exit
           mail bug-xboard@gnu.org
           Subject: Your short description of the problem
           Your detailed description of the problem
           ~r typescript
           .

       If you improve XBoard, please send a message about your changes, and we
       will get in touch with you about merging them in to the  main  line  of
       development.     Also    see    our    Web    site   at   http://savan-
       nah.gnu.org/projects/xboard/.

AUTHORS AND CONTRIBUTORS
       Tim Mann has been responsible for XBoard versions 1.3 and  beyond,  and
       for  WinBoard, a port of XBoard to Microsoft Win32 (Windows NT and Win-
       dows 95).

       Mark Williams contributed the initial (WinBoard-only) implementation of
       many  new  features added to both XBoard and WinBoard in version 4.1.0,
       including copy/paste, premove, icsAlarm, autoFlipView,  training  mode,
       auto  raise,  and blindfold.  Ben Nye contributed X copy/paste code for
       XBoard.

       Hugh Fisher added animated piece movement to XBoard,  and  Henrik  Gram
       (henrikg@funcom.com)  added  it  to  WinBoard.   Frank  McIngvale added
       click/click moving, the Analysis modes, piece flashing,  ZIICS  import,
       and  ICS text colorization to XBoard.  Jochen Wiedmann ported XBoard to
       the Amiga, creating AmyBoard, and converted the documentation  to  tex-
       info.   Elmar  Bartel  contributed  the new piece bitmaps introduced in
       version 3.2.  John Chanak contributed the initial implementation of ICS
       mode.  The color scheme and the old 80x80 piece bitmaps were taken from
       Wayne Christopher's `XChess' program.

       Chris Sears and Dan Sears wrote the original XBoard.  They were respon-
       sible for versions 1.0 through 1.2.

       Evan  Welsh wrote `CMail'.  Patrick Surry helped in designing, testing,
       and documenting CMail.

CMAIL
       The `cmail' program can help you play chess by email with opponents  of
       your choice using XBoard as an interface.

       You will usually run `cmail' without giving any options.

   CMail options
       -h     Displays `cmail' usage information.

       -c     Shows  the  conditions  of  the GNU General Public License.  See
              Copying.

       -w     Shows the warranty notice of the  GNU  General  Public  License.
              See Copying.

       -v
       -xv    Provides  or  inhibits  verbose  output from `cmail' and XBoard,
              useful for debugging. The `-xv' form  also  inhibits  the  cmail
              introduction message.

       -mail
       -xmail Invokes or inhibits the sending of a mail message containing the
              move.

       -xboard
       -xxboard
              Invokes or inhibits the running of XBoard on the game file.

       -reuse
       -xreuse
              Invokes or inhibits the reuse of an existing XBoard  to  display
              the current game.

       -remail
              Resends  the last mail message for that game. This inhibits run-
              ning XBoard.

       -game <name>
              The name of the game to be processed.

       -wgames <number>
       -bgames <number>
       -games <number>
              Number of games to start as White, as Black or in total. Default
              is  1 as white and none as black. If only one color is specified
              then none of the other color is assumed. If no color  is  speci-
              fied  then  equal  numbers of White and Black games are started,
              with the extra game being as White if an  odd  number  of  total
              games is specified.

       -me <short name>
       -opp <short name>
              A one-word alias for yourself or your opponent.

       -wname <full name>
       -bname <full name>
       -name <full name>
       -oppname <full name>
              The full name of White, Black, yourself or your opponent.

       -wna <net address>
       -bna <net address>
       -na <net address>
       -oppna <net address>
              The email address of White, Black, yourself or your opponent.

       -dir <directory>
              The directory in which `cmail' keeps its files. This defaults to
              the environment variable `$CMAIL_DIR' or failing that,  `$CHESS-
              DIR',  `$HOME/Chess' or `~/Chess'. It will be created if it does
              not exist.

       -arcdir <directory>
              The  directory  in  which  `cmail'  archives  completed   games.
              Defaults  to the environment variable `$CMAIL_ARCDIR' or, in its
              absence, the same directory as cmail  keeps  its  working  files
              (above).

       -mailprog <mail program>
              The  program used by cmail to send email messages. This defaults
              to the environment variable `$CMAIL_MAILPROG'  or  failing  that
              `/usr/ucb/Mail', `/usr/ucb/mail' or `Mail'. You will need to set
              this variable if none of the above paths fit your system.

       -gamesFile <file>
              A file containing a list of games  with  email  addresses.  This
              defaults  to  the environment variable `$CMAIL_GAMES' or failing
              that `.cmailgames'.

       -aliasesFile <file>
              A file containing one  or  more  aliases  for  a  set  of  email
              addresses.   This   defaults   to   the   environment   variable
              `$CMAIL_ALIASES' or failing that `.cmailaliases'.

       -logFile <file>
              A file in which to dump  verbose  debugging  messages  that  are
              invoked with the `-v' option.

       -event <event>
              The PGN Event tag (default `Email correspondence game').

       -site <site>
              The PGN Site tag (default `NET').

       -round <round>
              The PGN Round tag (default `-', not applicable).

       -mode <mode>
              The PGN Mode tag (default `EM', Electronic Mail).

       Other options
              Any  option flags not listed above are passed through to XBoard.
              Invoking XBoard through CMail changes the default values of  two
              XBoard  options:  The  default  value  for  `-noChessProgram' is
              changed to true; that is, by default no chess engine is started.
              The  default value for `-timeDelay' is changed to 0; that is, by
              default XBoard immediately goes to the end of the game as played
              so  far, rather than stepping through the moves one by one.  You
              can still set these options to whatever  values  you  prefer  by
              supplying them on CMail's command line.  See Options.

   Starting a CMail Game
       Type  `cmail'  from  a shell to start a game as white. After an opening
       message, you will be prompted for a game name, which is optional --  if
       you  simply  press  <Enter>,  the game name will take the form `you-VS-
       opponent'. You will next be prompted for the short name of  your  oppo-
       nent.  If  you  haven't  played  this  person  before, you will also be
       prompted for his/her email address. `cmail' will then invoke XBoard  in
       the  background.  Make  your first move and select `Mail Move' from the
       `File' menu. See File Menu. If all is well, `cmail' will mail a copy of
       the move to your opponent. If you select `Exit' without having selected
       `Mail Move' then no move will be made.

   Answering a Move
       When you receive a message from an opponent containing a move in one of
       your  games,  simply  pipe the message through `cmail'. In some mailers
       this is as simple as typing `| cmail' when viewing the  message,  while
       in  others  you  may have to save the message to a file and do `cmail <
       file' at the command line. In either case `cmail' will display the game
       using  XBoard.  If you didn't exit XBoard when you made your first move
       then `cmail' will do its best to use the  existing  XBoard  instead  of
       starting  a  new  one.  As  before, simply make a move and select `Mail
       Move' from the `File' menu. See File Menu. `cmail' will try to use  the
       XBoard  that  was  most recently used to display the current game. This
       means that many games can be in progress simultaneously, each with  its
       own active XBoard.

       If  you  want  to look at the history or explore a variation, go ahead,
       but you must return to the current position before  XBoard  will  allow
       you  to  mail  a  move.  If you edit the game's history you must select
       `Reload Same Game' from the `File' menu to get  back  to  the  original
       position,  then  make  the  move  you  want and select `Mail Move'.  As
       before, if you decide you aren't ready to make a move just yet you  can
       either  select  `Exit' without sending a move or just leave XBoard run-
       ning until you are ready.

   Multi-Game Messages
       It is possible to have a `cmail' message  carry  more  than  one  game.
       This  feature was implemented to handle IECG (International Email Chess
       Group) matches, where a match consists of one game as white and one  as
       black,  with  moves  transmitted simultaneously. In case there are more
       general  uses,  `cmail'  itself  places  no  limit  on  the  number  of
       black/white games contained in a message; however, XBoard does.

   Completing a Game
       Because XBoard can detect checkmate and stalemate, `cmail' handles game
       termination sensibly. As well as resignation, the `Action' menu  allows
       draws to be offered and accepted for `cmail' games.

       For  multi-game  messages, only unfinished and just-finished games will
       be included in email messages. When all the games  are  finished,  they
       are  archived  in  the  user's  archive directory, and similarly in the
       opponent's when he or she pipes the final message through `cmail'.  The
       archive file name includes the date the game was started.

   Known CMail Problems
       It's possible that a strange conjunction of conditions may occasionally
       mean that `cmail' has trouble reactivating an existing XBoard. If  this
       should  happen, simply trying it again should work.  If not, remove the
       file that stores the XBoard's PID (`game.pid')  or  use  the  `-xreuse'
       option to force `cmail' to start a new XBoard.

       Versions of `cmail' after 2.16 no longer understand the old file format
       that XBoard used to use and so cannot be used to correspond with anyone
       using an older version.

       Versions  of `cmail' older than 2.11 do not handle multi-game messages,
       so multi-game correspondence is not possible with  opponents  using  an
       older version.

OTHER PROGRAMS YOU CAN USE WITH XBOARD
       Here are some other programs you can use with XBoard

   GNU Chess
       The GNU Chess engine is available from:

       ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/gnuchess/

       You  can  use  XBoard to play a game against GNU Chess, or to interface
       GNU Chess to an ICS.

   Crafty
       Crafty is a chess engine written by Bob Hyatt.  You can use  XBoard  to
       play  a game against Crafty, hook Crafty up to an ICS, or use Crafty to
       interactively analyze games and positions for you.

       Crafty is a strong, rapidly evolving chess program. This rapid pace  of
       development  is good, because it means Crafty is always getting better.
       This can sometimes cause problems  with  backwards  compatibility,  but
       usually  the  latest  version  of Crafty will work well with the latest
       version of XBoard.  Crafty can be obtained from its author's FTP  site:
       ftp://ftp.cis.uab.edu/hyatt/.

       To  use  Crafty  with XBoard, give the -fcp and -fd options as follows,
       where <crafty's directory> is the  directory  in  which  you  installed
       Crafty and placed its book and other support files.

   zic2xpm
       The  ``zic2xpm'' program is used to import chess sets from the ZIICS(*)
       program into XBoard. ``zic2xpm'' is part of  the  XBoard  distribution.
       ZIICS is available from:

       ftp://ftp.freechess.org/pub/chess/DOS/ziics131.exe

       To import ZIICS pieces, do this:

       1. Unzip ziics131.exe into a directory:

                  unzip -L ziics131.exe -d ~/ziics

       2. Use zic2xpm to convert a set of pieces to XBoard format.

              For  example,  let's  say  you want to use the FRITZ4 set. These
              files are named ``fritz4.*'' in the ZIICS distribution.

                  mkdir ~/fritz4
                  cd ~/fritz4
                  zic2xpm ~/ziics/fritz4.*

       3. Give XBoard the ``-pixmap'' option when starting up, e.g.:

                  xboard -pixmap ~/fritz4

              Alternatively, you can add this line to your .Xdefaults file:

                  xboard*pixmapDirectory: ~/fritz4

       (*) ZIICS is a  separate  copyrighted  work  of  Andy  McFarland.   The
       ``ZIICS  pieces''  are  copyrighted works of their respective creators.
       Files produced by ``zic2xpm'' are for PERSONAL USE ONLY and may NOT  be
       redistributed  without explicit permission from the original creator(s)
       of the pieces.

COPYRIGHT
       Copyright  (C)  1991  Digital  Equipment  Corporation,  Maynard,   Mas-
       sachusetts.

       All Rights Reserved.

       Permission  to  use, copy, modify, and distribute this software and its
       documentation for any purpose and without fee is hereby  granted,  pro-
       vided  that  the  above  copyright notice appear in all copies and that
       both that copyright notice and this permission notice  appear  in  sup-
       porting  documentation,  and  that  the  name of Digital not be used in
       advertising or publicity pertaining to  distribution  of  the  software
       without specific, written prior permission.

       Digital  disclaims all warranties with regard to this software, includ-
       ing all implied warranties of merchantability and fitness.  In no event
       shall Digital be liable for any special, indirect or consequential dam-
       ages or any damages whatsoever resulting from  loss  of  use,  data  or
       profits, whether in an action of contract, negligence or other tortious
       action, arising out of or in connection with the use or performance  of
       this software.

       Enhancements copyright (C) 1992-2003 Free Software Foundation, Inc.

       Published by the Free Software Foundation
       59 Temple Place - Suite 330
       Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA

       Permission  is  granted  to make and distribute verbatim copies of this
       manual provided the copyright notice and  this  permission  notice  are
       preserved on all copies.

       Permission  is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
       manual under the conditions for verbatim copying,  provided  also  that
       the  section  entitled  ``GNU  General  Public  License,''  is included
       exactly as in the original, and  provided  that  the  entire  resulting
       derived  work  is  distributed  under  the terms of a permission notice
       identical to this one.

       Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this  man-
       ual into another language, under the above conditions for modified ver-
       sions, except that the section entitled ``GNU General Public License,''
       and this permission notice, may be included in translations approved by
       the Free Software Foundation instead of in the original English.

GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
       Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
       59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111 USA

       Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
       of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.

         The licenses for most software are designed to take away your freedom
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       to make sure the software is free for all its users.  This General Pub-
       lic License applies to most of the Free Software Foundation's  software
       and to any other program whose authors commit to using it.  (Some other
       Free Software Foundation software is covered by the GNU Library General
       Public License instead.)  You can apply it to your programs, too.

         When  we  speak  of  free  software, we are referring to freedom, not
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         To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid any-
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         For  example,  if  you  distribute  copies of such a program, whether
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         We  protect  your  rights with two steps: (1) copyright the software,
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       works based on it.

       Each time you redistribute the Program (or any work based on  the  Pro-
       gram), the recipient automatically receives a license from the original
       licensor to copy, distribute or modify the  Program  subject  to  these
       terms  and  conditions.  You may not impose any further restrictions on
       the recipients' exercise of the rights granted  herein.   You  are  not
       responsible  for enforcing compliance by third parties to this License.

       If, as a consequence of  a  court  judgment  or  allegation  of  patent
       infringement  or  for  any other reason (not limited to patent issues),
       conditions are imposed on you (whether by  court  order,  agreement  or
       otherwise)  that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not
       excuse you from the conditions of this License.   If  you  cannot  dis-
       tribute  so  as  to  satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this
       License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence  you
       may  not  distribute  the  Program  at  all.   For example, if a patent
       license would not permit royalty-free redistribution of the Program  by
       all  those  who receive copies directly or indirectly through you, then
       the only way you could satisfy both it and this  License  would  be  to
       refrain entirely from distribution of the Program.

       If  any  portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under
       any particular circumstance, the balance of the section is intended  to
       apply  and the section as a whole is intended to apply in other circum-
       stances.

       It is not the purpose of this section to induce  you  to  infringe  any
       patents  or  other  property right claims or to contest validity of any
       such claims; this section  has  the  sole  purpose  of  protecting  the
       integrity  of  the  free  software distribution system, which is imple-
       mented by public license practices.  Many  people  have  made  generous
       contributions  to  the  wide range of software distributed through that
       system in reliance on consistent application of that system; it  is  up
       to  the  author/donor  to  decide if he or she is willing to distribute
       software through any other system and a  licensee  cannot  impose  that
       choice.

       This  section  is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to
       be a consequence of the rest of this License.

       If the distribution and/or use of the Program is restricted in  certain
       countries  either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the original
       copyright holder who places the Program under this License may  add  an
       explicit  geographical  distribution  limitation  excluding those coun-
       tries, so that distribution is permitted only in or among countries not
       thus  excluded.  In such case, this License incorporates the limitation
       as if written in the body of this License.

       The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions of
       the  General  Public License from time to time.  Such new versions will
       be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ  in  detail
       to address new problems or concerns.

       Each  version is given a distinguishing version number.  If the Program
       specifies a version number of this License  which  applies  to  it  and
       ``any  later  version'', you have the option of following the terms and
       conditions either of that version or of any later version published  by
       the  Free  Software Foundation.  If the Program does not specify a ver-
       sion number of this License, you may choose any version ever  published
       by the Free Software Foundation.

       If  you  wish  to incorporate parts of the Program into other free pro-
       grams whose distribution conditions are different, write to the  author
       to  ask  for permission.  For software which is copyrighted by the Free
       Software  Foundation,  write  to  the  Free  Software  Foundation;   we
       sometimes make exceptions for this.  Our decision will be guided by the
       two goals of preserving the free status of all derivatives of our  free
       software  and of promoting the sharing and reuse of software generally.

       BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE  IS  NO  WARRANTY
       FOR  THE  PROGRAM,  TO  THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW.  EXCEPT
       WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE  COPYRIGHT  HOLDERS  AND/OR  OTHER
       PARTIES  PROVIDE  THE  PROGRAM  ``AS IS'' WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
       EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
       WARRANTIES  OF  MERCHANTABILITY  AND  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
       THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE  OF  THE  PROGRAM  IS
       WITH  YOU.   SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF
       ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION.

       IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO  IN  WRITING
       WILL  ANY  COPYRIGHT  HOLDER,  OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND/OR
       REDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR  DAM-
       AGES,  INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAM-
       AGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM  (INCLUDING
       BUT  NOT  LIMITED  TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR
       LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO
       OPERATE  WITH  ANY  OTHER PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY
       HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.

         If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of  the  greatest
       possible  use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it
       free software which everyone can redistribute and  change  under  these
       terms.

         To  do so, attach the following notices to the program.  It is safest
       to attach them to the start of each source  file  to  most  effectively
       convey  the  exclusion  of warranty; and each file should have at least
       the ``copyright'' line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.

       ONE LINE TO GIVE THE PROGRAM'S NAME AND AN IDEA OF WHAT IT DOES.
       Copyright (C) 19YY  NAME OF AUTHOR

       This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
       modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
       as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
       of the License, or (at your option) any later version.

       This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
       but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
       MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
       GNU General Public License for more details.

       You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
       along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
       Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111 USA.

       Also  add  information  on  how  to contact you by electronic and paper
       mail.

       If the program is interactive, make it output a short notice like  this
       when it starts in an interactive mode:

       Gnomovision version 69, Copyright (C) 19YY NAME OF AUTHOR
       Gnomovision comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details
       type `show w'.  This is free software, and you are welcome
       to redistribute it under certain conditions; type `show c'
       for details.

       The  hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appro-
       priate parts of the General Public License.  Of  course,  the  commands
       you  use may be called something other than `show w' and `show c'; they
       could even be mouse-clicks or menu items -- whatever  suits  your  pro-
       gram.

       You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your
       school, if any, to sign a ``copyright disclaimer'' for the program,  if
       necessary.  Here is a sample; alter the names:

           Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright
           interest in the program `Gnomovision'
           (which makes passes at compilers) written
           by James Hacker.

           SIGNATURE OF TY COON, 1 April 1989
           Ty Coon, President of Vice

       This  General Public License does not permit incorporating your program
       into proprietary programs.  If your program is  a  subroutine  library,
       you  may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applica-
       tions with the library.  If this is what you want to do,  use  the  GNU
       Library General Public License instead of this License.

GNU                                 $Date:                           xboard(6)
